What term refers to the surgical removal of a body part?

The term that refers to the surgical removal of a body part is "Amputation." This procedure specifically involves the removal of a limb or other extremities, often due to trauma, disease, or circulation problems. "Resection" typically refers to removing a portion of an organ or tissue but does not imply the removal of the entire structure, which means it does not cover the full definition required in this context. "Excision" generally means to remove a specific area of tissue, usually related to tumors or lesions, and is often used in a broader context within surgeries. "Éctomy" is a suffix that means removal but is not a standalone term; it is derived from Greek and is used in combination with other terms to denote the removal of specific organs or tissues, like "appendectomy" for the removal of the appendix. In the case of a complete removal such as that described in the question, "Amputation" is the most accurate term.