Which term refers to the bending of a joint or body part?

Flexion is the term that refers to the bending of a joint or body part. This movement decreases the angle between two body parts, bringing them closer together. For example, when you bend your elbow to bring your hand toward your shoulder, you are performing flexion at the elbow joint. Similarly, when you bend your knee to bring your heel closer to your buttocks, that action is also considered flexion. This basic motion is essential in many physical activities and functional movements, making it a fundamental concept in anatomy and physical therapy.

In contrast, extension refers to the straightening of a joint, increasing the angle between body parts. Adduction and abduction describe movements toward and away from the midline of the body, respectively, rather than bending at a joint. Understanding these terms is important for anyone studying physical therapy or anatomy, as they describe key movements that are frequently assessed and utilized in rehabilitation and exercise.